How Hangul syllables are built
Korean letters are not written in a line like English. They are grouped into square blocks, one block per syllable. Each block starts with a consonant, has one vowel, and may end with one or two consonants. 한 is ㅎ + ㅏ + ㄴ, and 글 is ㄱ + ㅡ + ㄹ. On a keyboard you just type the letters in that order, gksrmf, and the blocks form automatically.
A syllable can't start with a vowel, so words like 아이 (ai) begin with the silent consonant ㅇ. And when a vowel follows a block that already ends in a consonant, that consonant moves to the next block: typing ㅎ ㅏ ㄴ ㅏ gives 하나, not 한ㅏ. Double vowels are typed as two keys: ㅗ + ㅏ = ㅘ, so 사과 (sagwa) is tkrhk.
Tips for learning the layout
- Left hand = consonants, right hand = vowels. Since almost every syllable is consonant + vowel, your hands take turns, which makes Korean typing fast.
- Start with the home row. ㅁ ㄴ ㅇ ㄹ ㅎ under your left fingers and ㅗ ㅓ ㅏ ㅣ under your right. Practice 나라 (nara), 하나 (hana) and 오리 (ori) using only this row.
- Shift makes doubles. ㄱ ㄷ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ become ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ: 오빠 (oppa) is dhQk.
- Type words you love. Your favorite idol's name or a song title is the most motivating practice. Use the search buttons to look them up right away.
Install a Korean keyboard on your device
For everyday typing, add Korean to your device. It's free and built in. Menu names can differ slightly by version.
- Windows 11: Settings › Time & language › Language & region › Add a language › Korean. Switch with Windows + Space, then press the Right Alt (한/영) key to toggle between Korean and English.
- Mac: System Settings › Keyboard › Text Input › Edit › + › Korean › 2-Set Korean. Switch with Control + Space or the input menu in the menu bar.
- iPhone and iPad: Settings › General › Keyboard › Keyboards › Add New Keyboard › Korean › Standard. Tap the globe key to switch.
- Android (Gboard): Gboard settings › Languages › Add keyboard › Korean, then choose the QWERTY-style layout (두벌식). Long-press the space bar or tap the globe to switch.
Phones also offer a 10-key layout called 천지인 (cheonjiin), popular with older users. Most learners find the QWERTY-style layout easier because it matches this page.